Great question — answering as the UphillTech team:
Why doesn't Super+L when it is properly configured lock the screen? Ubuntu uses GNOME as its default desktop environment. Its screen-locker is integrated into GNOME Shell, rather than being an external program, and most of it is the exact same code as is used for displaying the login screen of GNOME's standard GDM "display manager" (the software which starts X11 on startup and shows the graphical logon screen). But it's a mutual dependency – the GNOME screen-locker also relies on GDM being present to handle the actual password checking. This avoids the need for gnome-shell to directly interact with PAM components (like gnome-screensaver would have needed in the past), as well as allowing it...
Full answer by grawity: https://superuser.stackexchange.com/a/1896346 (CC BY-SA 4.0).
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