Great question — answering as the UphillTech team:
At a guess, some insignificant amount of sand was suspended in the well pipe. Once pumping stopped, it settled to the bottom, and the came out in one noticeable "lump" when pumping restarted and the tank was pressurized. The test is simple: let water flow a few minutes, take a glass-full of water, and let it stand. If the water is clear, or has only a few specks of sand on bottom, then no worry.
Full answer by DrMoishe Pippik: https://diy.stackexchange.com/a/294019 (CC BY-SA 4.0).
Need it done for your business? UphillTech.